Island Gopher Snake
Pituophis catenifer pumilis
About
The Santa Cruz Island Gopher Snake is an endemic species that exists on both Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Island, despite it’s name. The species is related to king snakes and rat snakes and is actually harmless to humans! Because it likes to mimic rattlesnakes, it will often get itself into trouble by animals or humans who think it is causing harm.
Fun Facts
The Santa Cruz Island gopher snake is one of many endemic species in the national park.
When threatened, the species will elevate and inflate its body to seem intimidating.
Like a rattlesnake it can quickly shake its tail back and forth to make a buzzing sound
Due to limited fauna on the islands, the gopher snake has less options for it’s diet than it’s close relatives.
Appearance
One distinct feature of the island gopher snake is it’s size. It is a dwarf in comparison to other snakes, rarely exceeding 3 feet in length. As a contrast, the Pacific gopher snake on the mainland can grow up to 7 feet in length. It’s body characteristics have a slightly narrow head, with a wide neck and a short round snout. It’s typically green or grayish white in color, which becomes more muddled has time goes on.
Where Is It Found?
The Santa Cruz Island gopher snake is found on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands.
On the mainland, gopher snakes are found widely throughout western North America.
Conservation
The California Department for Fish and Game lists the Santa Cruz Island gopher snake as a California Species of Special Concern. The recent removal of feral pigs from Santa Cruz Island was beneficial for Santa Cruz Island gopher snakes. Feral pigs destroyed habitat for snakes and preyed on them as well.